FIRST AID

PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASS

COORDINATED BY MRS BLESSING TITILOYE

Week: One

Class: SS1

Subject: Physical Education

Lesson Title: First Aid

Period: I-II

Duration: 80 Minutes

Learning Objectives: Students should be able to:

i.                   Define first aid

ii.                 State the objectives of first aid

iii.              State the qualities of good first Aider

iv.      Basic principle of first aid and safety precautions in physical education and sports.

v.              List 10 contents of the first aid box and explain their uses.

Definition of first aid

CLICK VIDEO 

First aid is an immediate and temporary care (assistance) given to an injured person or a person who falls sick before the arrival of a doctor or before he is taken to the hospital.

The objectives of first aid

The primary objective of first aid is to save life, this means saving somebody's life or own’s life.

Other objectives of first aid

1.     To prevent injuries from becoming worse

2.     To reduce or relieve pains

3.     To arrest bleeding

4.     To assist the doctor with information

Qualities of a good first-aider

A good first-aider

1.     Should be a good observer.

2.     Should be resourceful.

3.     Should be knowledgeable.

4.     Should be tactful and gentle.

5.     Should be sympathetic without being emotional.

6.     Should be confident.

7.     Should be cheerful.

8.     Should be able to make decisions.

9.     Should be courageous.

Basic principles of first aid and safety precautions in physical education and sports

1.     Check the injury and determine the extent of the damage.

2.     Give the urgently needed help first.

3.     Immobilize the injured part.

4.     Prevent the victim from seeing his blood.

5.     Never give fluid (any liquid) to the victim.

6.     Be cool and calm in dealing with situations.

7.     Carry out procedures with care.

A first-aid box is a box/bag that contains all the kits /materials that are needed for first-aid care/emergency.

CLICK TO WATCH VIDEO OF FIRST AID BOX AND ITS CONTENTS

Contents of the first aid box and their uses

Bandages

Types of bandage

1.     Crepe bandage

2.     Triangular bandage

3.     Roller bandage     

4.     Special bandages e.g four tailed.

The uses of bandages in first aid

1.     To protect wound from infection

2.     To act as compress to control swelling

3.     To immobilize an injured part

4.     To hold protective equipment in place

5.     To control external bleeding

6.     To assist in carrying a casualty

Cold compress/pack

Cold compress is a cold material e. g. iced water/ice-pack that is applied to a bruised or bleeding area in order to constrict the blood vessels supplying the area.

Embrocation: heat rub/nerve and bone transversine

1.     For massaging any swelling of the muscle

2.     For massaging of sprained joints

3.     For massaging of strained and aching muscles

Safety-pins

1.     For holding bandage ends

2.     For keeping bandage in place

Razor blades

1.     For cutting bandages

2.     For cutting plaster

3.     For sharpening

4.     For shaving

Cotton wool

1.     For covering wounds

2.     For soaking of blood/fluid

3.     For cleaning wounds

4.     For holding drugs e.g. iodine to a wound

5.     For padding of the tissue

Plasters e.g. elastoplast

1.     For covering a wound

2.     For holding cotton wool soaked in iodine to a wound

Antiseptics e.g dettol izal lizole, sanitas

1.     For killing microbes

2.     For disinfecting materials used in first-aid

3.     For washing wound and sores.

Glucose

1.     For instant energy

2.     For quick recovery from exhaustion

Tincture of iodine

1.     For arresting bleeding of fresh wound

2.     For disinfecting a fresh wound

3.     For hastening the clotting of blood

4.     For hastening the healing of wound

Methylated spirit

1.     For cleaning a fresh wound

2.     For disinfecting a wound

3.     For hastening the clotting of blood


Assignment

State four common sports injuries.

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